"White supremacy is the belief that white people are inherently superior to other races and have the right to control other races how they see fit."
The Jews claim to Israel has nothing to do with their skin color and everything to do with their religion. In fact, the Jews are technically "less white" than Arabs, since being "an Arab" is an ethnic designation and being a Jew is a religious one.
Your response recognizes this and so you seem to go out of your way to argue that Jews are mostly European white, but that simply is not what defines a Jew.
Defining Jews as white is racist in the same way as defining Muslims as Arabs would be. Or Hindus as Indian. There may be significant overlap between a religion and the ethnicity of its adherents like Indian and Hindu, but they are not synonymous.
Biblically, both Arabs and Jews are descended from different sons of Abraham, with Jacob inheriting Israel from Abraham, and his descendants inheriting Isarel by way of Jacob.
Jews likewise believe that the "Arab" lands belong to the Arabs. So, what you are trying to frame as a "racial" conflict has always been an ethnic one, one in which the Jews view the "other white" ethnic group (Arabs) of trying to deny them the lands given to them by God.
The conflict is not a white supremacy conflict, the conflict arose because Palestinians are a relatively "new people" occupying a land that historically belong to the Jews.
Not knowing your ethnic background, but say your father owns property and marries a woman outside of his race and so his children are no longer racially "pure", does that change your father's ability to bequeath his land to his children. While the Jews had their land taken from them by the Romans, then the Arabs, and eventually by the Turks, they never accepted that loss as permanent.
The Palestinians did not exist as a people in history until the last few centuries. Their claims to the land come by way of first the Arab Conquest and later the Ottoman conquest. But if you use that logic, then Israel having fought several wars to establish its right to the land, have claims based both "on conquest" and original "occupation".
Your discussion of Ashkenazi and Sephardic Judaism is a bit flawed. The Sephardic Jews in Spain were originally eastern Jews that followed the Arab Conquest across North African and into Spain. They did not spring from the ground as converted Spainards. Over hundreds of years, they developed some unique traditions and intermarried with local people. But none of that means they lost their inheritance.
During the Inquisition, many migrated to Germany, Poland, and Ukraine by invitation especially from the King of Poland. Once there, like in Spain, they developed unique traditions and intermarried. Again, they did not cede their inheritance.
So, your argument is that because Jews intermarried with local people in Spain and Eastern Europe, they lost their "inheritance". Not sure the logic in that. But using that logic, you seem to be saying the longer, as Palestinians are closing in on not having control of Israel for over 80 years, their claims to the land should be cancelled or do you have a specific timeframe when claims are extinguished.
Inherent in your discussion, it to treat the Palestinians differently, then any other group has been treated in history. Can the Celts reclaim England from the English?
Meanwhile, "white supremacy" as a concept is a fabrication. It simple does not exist. A more honest view is that every identity group (better viewed as ethnicities) attempts to elevate itself over others. Some have succeeded like the Romans, Mongols, Chinese, Egyptians, British, Persians, Zulus, Russians, the United States, etc. establishing Empires in their wake. But Israel and the Jews don't fit that mold except perhaps for a short period of time under the Kings of Israel. They have not attempted to create an Empire, only to reclaim their inheritance.
You need not recognize their right to their inheritance especially if you don't believe in their religion. But the fact that they seek no more than Israel argues against the "Supremacy" label.